{"id":613,"date":"2023-02-08T10:19:24","date_gmt":"2023-02-08T10:19:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sparkradius.in\/index.php\/2023\/02\/08\/computer-networks-2\/"},"modified":"2023-02-08T10:19:24","modified_gmt":"2023-02-08T10:19:24","slug":"computer-networks-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sparkradius.in\/index.php\/2023\/02\/08\/computer-networks-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Computer networks"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Computer networks<\/h1>\n<h3>Contents<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/howcomputernetworkswork.html#whatis\">What is a computer network?<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/howcomputernetworkswork.html#types\">Types of networks<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/howcomputernetworkswork.html#rules\">Rules<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/howcomputernetworkswork.html#permissions\">Permissions and security<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/howcomputernetworkswork.html#makes\">What makes a network?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/howcomputernetworkswork.html#layers\">Understanding computer networks with layers<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/howcomputernetworkswork.html#osi\">The OSI model<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/howcomputernetworkswork.html#tcpip\">The TCP\/IP (DARPA) model<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/howcomputernetworkswork.html#onthefly\">Networks on the fly<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/howcomputernetworkswork.html#ethernet\">How Ethernet works<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/howcomputernetworkswork.html#errors\">How do computer networks detect errors?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/howcomputernetworkswork.html#fomo\">Find out more<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>What is a computer network?<\/h2>\n<p>You can do lots of things with a computer but, connect it up to other computers and <strong>peripherals<\/strong> (the general name given to add-on bits of computer equipment such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/modems.html\">modems<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/inkjetprinters.html\">inkjet<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/laserprinters.html\">laser printers<\/a>, and scanners) and you can do an awful lot more. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/howcomputernetworkswork.html#1fn\">[1]<\/a> A computer network is simply a collection of computer equipment that&#8217;s connected with wires, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/fiberoptics.html\">optical fibers<\/a>, or wireless links so the various separate devices (known as <strong>nodes<\/strong>) can &quot;talk&quot; to one another and swap <strong>data<\/strong> (computerized information).<\/p>\n<h3>Types of networks<\/h3>\n<p>Not all computer networks are the same. The network I&#8217;m using to link this laptop to my wireless router, printer, and other equipment is the smallest imaginable. It&#8217;s an example of what&#8217;s sometimes called a <strong>PAN (personal area network)<\/strong>\u2014essentially a convenient, one-person network. If you work in an office, you probably use a <strong>LAN (local area network)<\/strong>, which is typically a few separate computers linked to one or two printers, a scanner, and maybe a single, shared connection to the Internet. Networks can be much bigger than this. At the opposite end of the scale, we talk about <strong>MANs (metropolitan area networks)<\/strong>, which cover a whole town or city, and <strong>WANs (wide area networks)<\/strong>, which can cover any geographical area. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/internet.html\">Internet<\/a> is a WAN that covers the entire world but, in practice, it&#8217;s a network of networks as well as individual computers: many of the machines linked to the Net connect up through LANs operated by schools and businesses.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"School computer network LAN by Carol M. Highsmith.\" src=\"data:image\/jpeg;base64,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\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Photo: LANs became really popular in the 1980s when businesses, schools, and other organizations could afford multiple computers but not necessarily multiple printers, scanners, and other peripherals to go with them. This is a typical school computer lab from the 1980s\/1990s. All the desktop computers are linked to shared printers and other peripherals. Photo courtesy of the Carol M. Highsmith Archive, <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/pictures\/item\/2011636019\/\"><em>Library of Congress<\/em><\/a><em>, Prints and Photographs Division.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The big difference between the Internet and many other PANs, LANs, and WANs is that it&#8217;s open to the public, so that&#8217;s another way of differentiating networks: are they <strong>public<\/strong> or <strong>private<\/strong>? If you work for a big corporation, you&#8217;re probably used to the idea that much of the information you share with your colleagues is accessible only over internal machines; if it&#8217;s accessed in a web-like way, what you have there is called an <strong>Intranet<\/strong> (a kind of private, internal Internet\/Web not accessible over the public Internet). But what if you&#8217;re working from home and you need to access the private bits of your corporate network over the public Internet? Then you can use something called a <strong>VPN (virtual private network)<\/strong>, which is a secure way of accessing a private network over a public one. Sometimes the difference between public and private networks gets a little blurred. For example, using the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/howthewebworks.html\">World Wide Web<\/a>, you may come across password-protected files or subscription-only websites. So even on a completely public network, it&#8217;s possible to create a degree of selective, private access.<\/p>\n<p>Sponsored links<\/p>\n<h3>Rules<\/h3>\n<p>Computers are all about logic\u2014and logic is all about following rules. Computer networks are a bit like the army: everything in a network has to be arranged with almost military precision and it has to behave according to very clearly defined rules. In a LAN, for example, you can&#8217;t connect things together any old how: all the nodes (computers and other devices) in the network have to be connected in an orderly pattern known as the network <strong>topology<\/strong>. You can connect nodes in a simple line (also called a daisy chain or bus), with each connected to the next in line. You can connect them in a star shape with the various machines radiating out from a central controller known as the network server. Or you can link them into a loop (generally known as a ring). Other topologies include meshes (where each machine is directly connected to some of the others or all of them\u2014which is called a full mesh) and trees (where small star networks are connected together in a line or bus). All the devices on a network also have to follow clearly defined rules (called <strong>protocols<\/strong>) when they communicate to ensure they understand one another\u2014for example, so they don&#8217;t all try to send messages at exactly the same time, which causes confusion.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Line, ring, star, mesh, full mesh, and tree network topologies\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Artwork: The best-known computer network topologies: line (chain\/bus), ring, star, mesh (where each node is connected to some of the others), full mesh (each node is connected to all the others), and tree (star networks connected in a line).<\/em><\/p>\n<h3>Permissions and security<\/h3>\n<p>Just because a machine is on a network, it doesn&#8217;t automatically follow that every other machine and device has access to it (or can be accessed by it). The Internet is an obvious example. If you&#8217;re online, you get access to billions of Web pages, which are simply files stored on other machines (servers) dotted all over the network. But you can&#8217;t access every single file on every single computer hooked up to the Internet: you can&#8217;t read my personal files and I can&#8217;t read yours, unless we specifically choose for that to happen.<\/p>\n<p>Permissions and security are central to the idea of networking: you can access files and share resources only if someone gives you permission to do so. Most personal computers that connect to the Internet allow outgoing connections (so you can, theoretically, link to any other computer), but block most incoming connections or prohibit them completely. Servers (the machines on the Internet that hold and serve up Web pages and other files) operate a more relaxed policy to incoming connections. You&#8217;ve probably heard of <strong>hacking<\/strong>, which, in one sense of the word, means gaining unauthorized access to a computer network by cracking passwords or defeating other security checks. To make a network more secure, you can add a <strong>firewall<\/strong> (either a physical device or a piece of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/software.html\">software<\/a> running on your machine, or both) at the point where your network joints onto another network or the Internet to monitor and prohibit any unauthorized, incoming access attempts.<\/p>\n<h2>What makes a network?<\/h2>\n<p>To make a network, you need nodes and connections (sometimes called links) between them. Linking up the nodes means making some sort of a temporary or permanent connection between them. In the last decade or so, wireless connections have become one of the most popular ways of doing this, especially in homes. In offices, wired connections are still more commonplace\u2014not least because they are generally faster and more secure and because many newer offices have network cabling already in place.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Netgear PCMCIA laptop wireless card\" src=\"data:image\/jpeg;base64,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\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Photo: If your laptop doesn&#8217;t have a network card, you can simply plug in a PCMCIA adapter like this one. The adapter has a network card built into it.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Apart from computers, peripherals, and the connections between them, what else do you need? Each node on a network needs a special circuit known as a <strong>network card<\/strong> (or, more formally, a network interface card or NIC) to tell it how to interact with the network. Most new computers have network cards built in as standard. If you have an older computer or laptop, you may have to fit a separate plug-in circuit board (or, in a laptop, add a PCMCIA card) to make your machine talk to a network. Each network card has its own separate numeric identifier, known as a <strong>MAC (media access control)<\/strong> code or LAN MAC address. A MAC code is a bit like a phone number: any machine on the network can communicate with another one by sending a message quoting its MAC code. In a similar way, MAC codes can be used to control which machines on a network can access files and other shared resources. For example, I&#8217;ve set up my wireless link to the Internet so that only two MAC codes can ever gain access to it (restricting access to the network cards built into my two computers). That helps to stop other people in nearby buildings (or in the street) hacking into my connection or using it by mistake.<\/p>\n<p>The bigger you make a network, the more extra parts you need to add to make it function efficiently. Signals can travel only so far down cables or over wireless links so, if you want to make a big network, you have to add in devices called <strong>repeaters<\/strong>\u2014effectively signal boosters. You might also need <strong>bridges<\/strong>, <strong>switches<\/strong>, and <strong>routers<\/strong>\u2014devices that help to link together networks (or the parts of networks, which are known as segments), regulate the traffic between them, and forward traffic from one part of a network to another part.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A wireless broadband Netgear router\" src=\"data:image\/jpeg;base64,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\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Photo: A wireless router like this one, made by Netgear, is the heart of many home PANs.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>Understanding computer networks with layers<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A typical computer architecture linking the hardware to the applications via the BIOS and the operating system.\" src=\"data:image\/jpeg;base64,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\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Photo: Computer architecture: We can think of computers in layers, from the hardware and the BIOS at the moment to the operating system and applications at the top. We can think of computer networks in a similar way.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Computers are general-purpose machines that mean different things to different people. Some of us just want to do basic tasks like word processing or chatting to friends on Facebook and we couldn&#8217;t care less how that happens under the covers\u2014or even that we&#8217;re using a computer to do it (if we&#8217;re using a smartphone, we probably don&#8217;t even think what we&#8217;re doing is &quot;computing&quot;\u2014or that installing a new app is effectively computer programming). At the opposite end of the spectrum, some of us like modifying our computers to run faster, fitting quicker processors or more memory, or whatever it might be; for geeks, poking around inside computers is an end in itself. Somewhere in between these extremes, there are moderately tech-savvy people who use computers to do everyday jobs with a reasonabe understanding of how their machines work. Because computers mean different things to different people, it can help us to understand them by thinking of a stack of layers: hardware at the bottom, the operating system somewhere on top of that, then applications running at the highest level. You can &quot;engage&quot; with a computer at any of these levels without necessarily thinking about any of the other layers. Nevertheless, each layer is made possible by things happening at lower levels, whether you&#8217;re aware of that or not. Things that happen at the higher levels could be carried out in many different ways at the lower levels; for example, you can use a web browser like Firefox (an application) on many different operating systems, and you can run various operating systems on a particular laptop, even though the hardware doesn&#8217;t change at all.<\/p>\n<p>Computer networks are similar: we all have different ideas about them and care more or less about what they&#8217;re doing and why. If you work in a small office with your computer hooked up to other people&#8217;s machines and shared printers, probably all you care about is that you can send emails to your colleagues and print out your stuff; you&#8217;re not bothered how that actually happens. But if you&#8217;re charged with setting up the network in the first place, you have to consider things like how it&#8217;s physically linked together, what sort of cables you&#8217;re using and how long they can be, what the MAC addresses are, and all kinds of other nitty gritty. Again, just like with computers, we can think about a network in terms of its different layers\u2014and there are two popular ways of doing that.<\/p>\n<h3>The OSI model<\/h3>\n<p>Perhaps the best-known way is with what&#8217;s called the <strong>OSI (Open Systems Interconnect) model<\/strong>, based on an internationally agreed set of standards devised by a committee of computer experts and first published in 1984. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/howcomputernetworkswork.html#2fn\">[2]<\/a> It describes a computer network as a stack of seven layers. The lower layers are closest to the computer hardware; the higher levels are closer to human users; and each layer makes possible things that happen at the higher layers:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Physical<\/strong>: The basic hardware of the network, including cables and connections, and how devices are hooked up into a certain network topology (ring, bus, or whatever). The physical layer isn&#8217;t concerned in any way with the data the network carries and, as far as most human users of a network are concerned, is uninteresting and irrelevant.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Data link<\/strong>: This covers things like how data is packaged and how errors are detected and corrected.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Network<\/strong>: This layer is concerned with how data is addressed and routed from one device to another.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Transport<\/strong>: This manages the way in which data is efficiently and reliably moved back and forth across the network, ensuring all the bits of a given message are correctly delivered.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Session<\/strong>: This controls how different devices on the network establish temporary &quot;conversations&quot; (sessions) so they can exchange information.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Presentation<\/strong>: This effectively translates data produced by user-friendly applications into computer-friendly formats that are sent over the network. For example, it can include things like compression (to reduce the number of bits and bytes that need transmitting), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/encryption.html\">encryption<\/a> (to keep data secure), or converting data between different character sets (so you can read emoticons (&quot;smileys&quot;) or emojis in your emails).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Application<\/strong>: The top level of the model and the one closest to the user. This covers things like email programs, which use the network in a way that&#8217;s meaningful to human users and the things they&#8217;re trying to achieve.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"The seven layers of the OSI model of networking.\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Artwork: The OSI model. I&#8217;ve drawn it a simple way to show how the seven layers match up with the more familiar four-layer TCP\/IP model, described below.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>OSI was conceived as a way of making all kinds of different computers and networks talk to one another, which was a major problem back in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, when virtually all computing hardware was proprietary and one manufacturer&#8217;s equipment seldom worked with anyone else&#8217;s.<\/p>\n<h3>The TCP\/IP (DARPA) model<\/h3>\n<p>If you&#8217;ve never heard of the OSI model, that&#8217;s quite probably because a different way of hooking up the world&#8217;s computers triumphed over it, delivering the amazing computer network you&#8217;re using right now: the Internet. The Internet is based on a two-part networking system called TCP\/IP in which computers hook up over networks (using what&#8217;s called TCP, Transmission Control Protocol) to exchange information in packets (using the Internet Protocol, IP). We can understand TCP\/IP using four slightly simpler layers, sometimes known as the <strong>TCP\/IP model<\/strong> (or the DARPA model, for the US government&#8217;s Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency that sponsored its development):<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Network Access<\/strong> (sometimes called the Network Interface layer): This represents the basic network hardware, and corresponds to the Physical and Data link layers of the OSI model. Your Ethernet or Wi-Fi connection to the Internet is an example.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Internet<\/strong> (sometimes called the Network layer): This is how data is sent over the network and it&#8217;s equivalent to the Network layer in the OSI model. IP (Internet Protocol) packet switching\u2014delivering actual packets of data to your computer from the Internet\u2014works at this level.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Transport<\/strong>: This corresponds to the Transport layer in the OSI model. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) works at this level, <em>administering<\/em> the delivery of data without actually delivering it. TCP converts transmitted data into packets (and back again when they&#8217;re received) and ensures those packets are reliably delivered and reassembled in the same order in which they were sent.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Application<\/strong>: Equivalent to the Session, Presentation, and Application layers in the OSI model. Well-known Internet protocols such as HTTP (the under-the-covers &quot;conversation&quot; between web browsers and web servers), FTP (a way of downloading data from servers and uploading them in the opposite direction), and SMTP (the way your email program sends mails through a server at your ISP) all work at this level.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A practical example of the TCP\/IP model of networking and how it relates to the Internet.\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Artwork: The TCP\/IP model is easy to understand. In this example, suppose you&#8217;re emailing someone over the Internet. Your two devices are, in effect, connected by one long &quot;cable&quot; running between their network cards. That&#8217;s what the green Network Access layer at the bottom represents. Your email is transmitted as packets (orange squares) using the Internet Protocol (IP), illustrated by the orange Internet layer. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) oversees this process in the blue Transport layer; and, in effect, TCP and IP work together. At the top, in the Application layer, you sit at your computer using an email program (an application) that uses all the layers below.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>While the OSI model is quite an abstract and academic concept, rarely encountered outside books and articles about computer networking, the TCP\/IP model is a simpler, easier-to-understand, and more practical proposition: it&#8217;s the bedrock of the Internet\u2014and the very technology you&#8217;re using to read these words now.<\/p>\n<p>As we saw above, higher levels of the basic computing models are independent of the lower levels: you can run your Firefox browser on different Windows operating systems or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/linux.html\">Linux<\/a>, for example. The same applies to networking models. So you can run many applications using Internet packet switching, from the World Wide Web and email to Skype (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/how-voip-works.html\">VoIP<\/a>) and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/how-iptv-works.html\">Internet TV<\/a>. And you can hook your computer to the net using WiFi or wired broadband or dialup over a telephone line (different forms of network access). In other words, the higher levels of the model are doing the same jobs even though the lower levels are working differently.<\/p>\n<h2>Networks on the fly<\/h2>\n<p>Like highways or railroad lines that connect towns and cities, computer networks are often very elaborate, well-planned things. In the days when computers were big static boxes that never shifted from data centers and desktops, computer networks also tended to be fairly static things; often they didn&#8217;t change much from one week, month, or year to the next. The Internet, for example, is based on a set of well-defined connections called the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Internet_backbone\">Internet backbone<\/a> including vast <a href=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/computing\/96827-the-secret-world-of-submarine-cables\">submarine cables<\/a> that obviously have to stay in place for years. That&#8217;s computer networking at one extreme.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Illustration of the first transatlantic submarine cable, laid between Ireland and Newfoundland in 1858.\" src=\"data:image\/jpeg;base64,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\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Artwork: Submarine (undersea) cables make up much of the &quot;backbone&quot; of the modern, international Internet. This was their ancestor: the first transatlantic telegraph cable, laid in 1858 between Ireland and Newfoundland. <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/howcomputernetworkswork.html#3fn\"><em>[3]<\/em><\/a><em> Artwork published by Oliver Ditson &amp; Co., c.1858, courtesy of <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/pictures\/item\/96523609\/\"><em>Library of Congress<\/em><\/a><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Increasingly, though, we&#8217;re shifting to mobile devices that need to improvise networks as they move around the world. Wi-Fi (wireless Ethernet) is one example of how smartphones, tablets, and other mobile computers can join and leave fixed networks (based around &quot;hotspots,&quot; or access points) in a very ad-hoc way. Bluetooth is even more improvized: nearby devices detect one another, connect together (when you give them permission), and form a (generally) short-lived computer network\u2014before going their separate ways. Ad-hoc technologies like these are still based on classic computer networking concepts, but they also involve a range of new problems. How do mobile devices discover one another? How does one device (such as a Wi-Fi router) know when another abruptly joins or leaves the network? How can it maintain the performance of the network when lots of people try to join at the same time? What if all the network devices are using slightly different versions of Wi-Fi or Bluetooth; will they still be able to connect? If communication is entirely wireless, how can it be properly secured? We discuss these sorts of issues in more detail in our main articles about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/wirelessinternet.html\">Wi-Fi<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/howbluetoothworks.html\">Bluetooth<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>How Ethernet works<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Ethernet networking cable in close-up\" src=\"data:image\/jpeg;base64,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\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Photo: A typical ethernet networking cable.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Not so long ago, computers were all made by different companies, worked in different ways, and couldn&#8217;t communicate with one another. Often, they didn&#8217;t even have the same sorts of plugs and sockets on their cases! During the 1980s and 1990s, everything became much more standardized and it&#8217;s now possible to connect virtually any machine to any other and get them exchanging data without too much effort. That&#8217;s largely because most networks now use the same system, called <strong>Ethernet<\/strong>. It was developed in May 1973 by US computer engineer <strong>Dr Robert (&quot;Bob&quot;) Metcalfe<\/strong> (1946\u2013), who went on to found 3Com and later became a well-known computer-industry pundit (perhaps, somewhat unfairly, best known for predicting a spectacular collapse of the Internet in 1995 that never actually occurred).<\/p>\n<p>As Metcalfe originally designed it, Ethernet was based on three very simple ideas. First, computers would connect through the &quot;ether&quot; (a semi-serious, semi-scientific name for the void of emptiness that separates them) using standard coaxial cable (wires like the ones used in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/television.html\">television<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/antennas.html\">antenna<\/a> connection, made up of concentric metal layers). In Ethernet-speak, the physical connection between the nodes (computers and other devices) on the network is also known as the <strong>medium<\/strong>. Things have moved on quite a bit since the early 1970s and the medium is now just as often a wireless radio link (you&#8217;ve probably heard of <strong>Wi-Fi<\/strong>, which is the wireless version of Ethernet). Second, all the computers and devices on a network would stay silent except for when they were sending or receiving messages. Finally, when they wanted to communicate, they&#8217;d do so by breaking up messages into small packets of data and sending them around the network by a highly efficient method known as <strong>packet switching<\/strong> (discussed in much more detail in our article on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/internet.html\">Internet<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>If one machine wants to send a message to another machine on an Ethernet network, it goes through a process a bit like sending a letter. The message has to be packaged in a standard format called a <strong>frame<\/strong> (a bit like the envelope that contains a letter). The frame includes a standard header, the address of the device on the network it&#8217;s intended for (like the address on an envelope), the address of the machine that sent it (like an envelope&#8217;s return-to or sender&#8217;s address), an indication of how much data it contains, the data itself, some padding, and some error checking information at the end (used to do a quick check on whether the data has transmitted correctly). Unlike a letter, which goes only to the recipient, the frame goes to every machine and device on the network. Each machine reads the destination address to figure out whether the frame is intended for them. If so, they act on it; if not, they ignore it. Any machine on the network can transmit messages through the ether at any time, but problems will occur if two or more machines try to talk at once (known as a collision). If that happens, the machines all fall silent for a random period of time before trying again. Eventually, one will find the ether is clear and get its message out first, followed by the other, so all messages will get through eventually. Typical Ethernet equipment can handle thousands of frames per second. In tech-speak, this method of using the network is called <strong>carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA\/CD)<\/strong>: that&#8217;s a fancy way of saying that the nodes do their best to transmit when the ether is clear (&quot;carrier sense&quot;), they can all theoretically send or receive at any time (&quot;multiple access&quot;), and they have a way of sorting out the problem if two happen to transmit at exactly the same time (&quot;collision detection&quot;).<\/p>\n<h3>Find out more<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=wplYUcWwRww\">An interview with Bob Metcalfe<\/a>: Manek Dubash offers this fascinating interview with the Ethernet pioneer to mark 40 years of his world-changing invention.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zKz07DdaKzw\">Oral history of Bob Metcalfe<\/a>: A much longer (almost three-hour) oral history interview with Len Shustek of The Computer History Museum.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>How do computer networks detect errors?<\/h2>\n<p>Suppose you order a book by mail order and it arrives, a few days later, with the packaging ripped and the cover slightly creased or torn. That&#8217;s a kind of error of transmission. Fortunately, since a book is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/analog-and-digital.html\">analog<\/a> information, a bit of damage to the cover doesn&#8217;t stop you appreciating the story the book tells or the information it contains. But what if you&#8217;re downloading an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/ebooks.html\">ebook<\/a> (electronic book) and there&#8217;s a blip in transmission so some of the data goes astray. Maybe you won&#8217;t be able to open the book file at all, rendering the whole thing useless. Or what if a bank is sending an electronic payment to someone and the data it transmits across its network is corrupted so the account number or the amount to be paid gets scrambled? What if a military control center sends a signal to a nuclear missile installation and a blip on the network alters the data it contains so, instead of &quot;power down,&quot; the rocket is told to &quot;launch immediately&quot;? The point is a simple one: when we send data over computer networks, we need to be <em>absolutely certain<\/em> that the information received is identical to the information transmitted. But how we can do this when vast amounts of data are being sent around the world all the time?<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Using MD5 hash code to check the integrity of a downloaded file.\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Artwork: Checking the integrity of a large download with an MD5 code: If you&#8217;ve ever downloaded a <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/linux.html\"><em>linux<\/em><\/a><em> distribution (anything from a few hundred megabytes to several gigabytes of data), you&#8217;ve probably done this\u2014or you certainly should have done! On the original download page, you&#8217;ll be given an MD5 checksum code matching the file you want to download. Once your download is complete, you simply run the file through an MD5 calculator program (here I&#8217;m using winMd5sum) to calculate the MD5 code from the data you&#8217;ve downloaded. If the two MD5 codes match, you can be reasonably confident your file downloaded without any mistakes.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Computers and computer networks have all kinds of ingenious ways of checking the information they send. One simple method is to send everything twice and compare the two sets of data that are received; if they don&#8217;t match, you can ask for all the data to be resent. That&#8217;s laborious and inefficient\u2014doubling the time it takes to transmit information\u2014and there are far better methods of keeping data straight. One of the simplest is called <strong>parity checking<\/strong> (or parity bit checking). Suppose you&#8217;re sending strings of binary digits (bits, made up of zeros and ones) over a network. Every time you send seven bits, you add up the number of ones you&#8217;ve sent. If you&#8217;ve sent an odd number of ones (1, 3, 5, or 7 of them), you then send an extra 1 to confirm this; if you&#8217;ve sent an even number of ones (0, 2, 4, or 6), you send a zero instead. The receiver can do the same sums with the data it sees, check the parity bit, and so detect if a mistake has been made. Unfortunately, with simple parity checking, it&#8217;s not possible to say where an error has been made or to correct it on the spot, but the receiver can at least spot a batch of incorrect data and ask for it to be sent again.<\/p>\n<p>More sophisticated ways of detecting errors are usually variants of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Checksum\">checksums<\/a> where, every so often, you add together the numbers you&#8217;ve previously sent and then transmit the total (the sum) as a check. The receiver does the same calculation and compares it with the checksum. But what if multiple errors occur (say, the checksum is transmitted incorrectly as well as some of the original data), so they cancel one another out and go undetected? There are much more sophisticated versions of checksums where, instead of simply adding the data you&#8217;ve transmitted, you process it in more complex ways that make it far harder for errors to slip through. When you download large files, for example, you&#8217;ll sometimes be given what&#8217;s called an <strong>MD5 hash code<\/strong> to check, which is a long number (often in hexadecimal or base 16 format, made up of the numbers 0\u20139 and the letters A\u2013F) computed from the original file by a complex mathematical algorithm. A typical MD5 hash code would be 7b7c56c74008da7d97bd49669c8a045d or ef6a998ac98a440b6e58bed8e7a412db. Once you&#8217;ve downloaded your file, you simply run it against a hash-checking program to generate a code the same way. Comparing the codes, you can see if the file downloaded correctly and, if not, try again. Some forms of error checking not only allow you to detect errors but make it possible to correct them without retransmitting all the data. Among the best known are <strong>Hamming codes<\/strong>, invented in 1950 by US mathematician Richard Hamming to improve the accuracy and reliability of all kinds of data transmissions. They work by using more error detection bits so that the position of an error in transmitted data can be figured out and not just the simple fact that an error has occurred.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Computer networks Contents What is a computer network? Types of networks Rules Permissions and security What makes a network? Understanding computer networks with layers The OSI model The TCP\/IP (DARPA) model Networks on the fly How Ethernet works How do computer networks detect errors? Find out more What is a computer network? You can do&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/sparkradius.in\/index.php\/2023\/02\/08\/computer-networks-2\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Computer networks<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":113,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-613","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sparkradius.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/613","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sparkradius.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sparkradius.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sparkradius.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sparkradius.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=613"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sparkradius.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/613\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sparkradius.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/113"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sparkradius.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=613"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sparkradius.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=613"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sparkradius.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=613"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}